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Toxicologist

(Clinical Toxicologist, Environmental Toxicologist, Regulatory Toxicologist, Safety Assessment Scientist)

Science & Research

Salary

€48,000 - €95,000/yr

Level

Senior

Outlook

Growing

What does a Toxicologist do?

As a Toxicologist you assess the potential harmful effects of chemicals, drugs, pesticides and environmental contaminants on living organisms and ecosystems. Your day-to-day work involves designing and conducting laboratory experiments, analysing biological and chemical samples, and interpreting data to evaluate health and safety risks. You prepare detailed risk assessment reports for clients, regulatory bodies, or government agencies, drawing conclusions about safe exposure levels and potential hazards. You collaborate closely with pharmacologists, environmental scientists, regulatory affairs specialists, and public health professionals across sectors such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, food safety and environmental protection.

A Day in the Life

Listen: a day as a Toxicologist

0:00 / 0:00

You arrive at the laboratory at half eight, badge in and pull up your emails before the rest of the team filter through. Overnight, the Health Products Regulatory Authority has come back with a query on a submission you filed last week for a new pharmaceutical compound. They want clarification on the no-observed-adverse-effect level you cited in your systemic toxicity data. You flag it for later and head to the morning briefing. By nine o'clock you are reviewing the results from yesterday's in-vitro cytotoxicity assay — a cell-based test used to measure how toxic a substance is to living cells. The raw data from the plate reader needs cleaning before it goes into your statistical software. One replicate looks like an outlier and you record the anomaly carefully in the laboratory notebook, as your standard operating procedures require. Nothing gets deleted, just documented.

Required Education

A strong Leaving Certificate with Higher Level Chemistry, Biology and Maths provides the best foundation for entry into this field. You would typically complete an NFQ Level 8 Honours Bachelor degree in a relevant discipline such as Toxicology, Pharmacology, Biochemistry or Chemistry at institutions such as UCD, UCC, TCD or University of Galway. Entry to the profession at a practising level almost always requires a Level 9 Masters degree or a Level 10 PhD, particularly for research or regulatory roles, as the extra context indicates a senior NFQ 9 entry point is typical. Postgraduate programmes in Toxicology, Regulatory Science or Environmental Science are offered at several Irish universities and can also be accessed through Springboard+ for career changers. Professional development is supported by membership of bodies such as the British and Irish Toxicology Society or the Society of Toxicology, though statutory registration is not currently required in Ireland.

Required Skills

Career Perspective

Most toxicologists begin their careers in postgraduate research or as junior scientists within pharmaceutical companies, contract research organisations (CROs) or government agencies such as the Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA) or the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). With experience, you can progress to senior scientist or principal toxicologist roles, taking responsibility for project management and regulatory submissions. Further advancement may lead to roles such as Head of Toxicology, Regulatory Affairs Director or independent consultant advising industry and government bodies. Continuous professional development, publication of research and engagement with international toxicology networks are important drivers of career progression in Ireland.

AI Impact on the job

AI and machine learning tools are increasingly being used in toxicology to predict the toxicity of new compounds using in silico modelling, reducing the need for some traditional animal studies and accelerating early-stage safety screening. Toxicologists who can work with computational toxicology platforms and interpret AI-generated predictions will be at a significant advantage in the evolving job market. However, professional judgement, regulatory expertise and the ability to design and defend study protocols remain firmly human responsibilities that AI cannot replace. Overall, AI is likely to augment rather than displace the toxicologist's role, shifting emphasis towards data interpretation, model validation and cross-disciplinary collaboration.

Career Ladder

→ Toxicologist (Current role)

Employers in Ireland

Organisations in Ireland that employ people in this occupation.

Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA)

Public sector

Dublin 1

Assess toxicology data for drug and medical product safety approvals.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Ireland

Public sector

Wexford / Dublin

Evaluate chemical and environmental contaminant risks to ecosystems and humans.

Food Safety Authority of Ireland (FSAI)

Public sector

Dublin 1

Conduct risk assessments on food contaminants, additives, and pesticide residues.

Eurofins Scientific Ireland

Multinational

Dublin / Limerick

Perform analytical toxicology testing on food, environmental, and pharmaceutical samples.

Pfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals

Multinational

Ringaskiddy, Co. Cork / Dublin

Support preclinical and clinical drug toxicology studies and safety evaluations.

MSD Ireland (Merck Sharp & Dohme)

Multinational

Brinny, Co. Cork / Dublin

Deliver toxicological risk assessments for pharmaceutical manufacturing and R&D.

Exponent International

Multinational

Dublin

Provide expert toxicology consulting on chemical exposure and liability cases.

Covance (Labcorp Drug Development)

Multinational

Shannon, Co. Clare

Conduct preclinical safety and toxicology studies for pharmaceutical clients.

National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science (NCBES), NUI Galway

Public sector

Galway

Research chemical toxicity mechanisms and biomarker identification in academic setting.

Irish Agricultural Food and Development Authority (Teagasc)

Semi-state

Nationwide / Johnstown Castle, Co. Wexford

Assess pesticide residues and agrochemical impacts on soil and food safety.

Charles River Laboratories

Multinational

Ballina, Co. Mayo

Undertake in vitro and in vivo toxicology studies for pharmaceutical companies.

RPS Group Ireland

Multinational

Dublin / Cork

Prepare environmental risk assessments and chemical hazard reports for industry clients.

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